long ago ideas

“When we are tired, we are attacked by ideas we conquered long ago." - Friedrich Nietzsche. Long ago, Joseph Smith and Oliver Cowdery conquered false claims that the Book of Mormon was fiction or that it came through a stone in a hat. But these old claims have resurfaced in recent years. To conquer them again, we have to return to what Joseph and Oliver taught.

Friday, March 14, 2025

SITH and Royal Skousen's Part Seven (2nd half of my paper)

In the ongoing pursuit of clarity, charity and understanding, I'll continue to occasionally review important book on LDS topics. 

Royal Skousen's Part Seven is definitely an important book, partly because of the detailed, useful scholarship it contains. 

But that's not all the book contains.

I'm happy for people to believe whatever they want, and I'm sure Skousen is a great guy, a careful scholar, a faithful Latter-day Saint, and that he had plenty of resources and time to produce this book.

However, another reason why this book is important is because of the way the book manipulates Church history to support Skousen's foregone conclusion that Joseph Smith and Oliver Cowdery deliberately misled everyone about the translation of the Book of Mormon.

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Last December I posted the first half of my review at the InterpreterPeerReviews blog. 

https://interpreterpeerreviews.blogspot.com/2024/12/review-of-royal-skousens-part-vii-first.html 

I was reminded recently that I never posted the second half, so here it is.

https://interpreterpeerreviews.blogspot.com/2025/03/review-of-royal-skousens-part-vii.html

Overall conclusion. I spent the time to go through Skousen’s book because of the significance of his conclusion that Joseph and Oliver intentionally misled everyone about the translation; i.e., Skousen is so convinced of SITH (the stone-in-the-hat narrative) that he claims Joseph and Oliver intentionally misled everyone when they repeatedly, publicly and consistently taught that Joseph translated the plates by means of the Urim and Thummim that came with the plates.

I credit Skousen for finally articulating the inevitable conclusion of the SITH narrative, as discussed here:

https://www.bookofmormoncentralamerica.com/2024/11/thank-you-royal-skousen.html

In Part Seven, Skousen has finally accomplished the objective that E.D. Howe set for himself in 1834 when he published Mormonism Unvailed and ridiculed the "peep-stone" narrative. 

In my view, Skousen did a cursory, outcome-determined analysis of the witness statements to support his conclusion. He also omitted relevant sources that contradict his conclusion.

The FAITH model requires a careful, consistent consideration of all the Facts, distinguished from Assumptions, Inferences, and Theories that lead to the overall Hypotheses.  My analysis leads me to the conclusion that Joseph and Oliver told the truth about these events, and that others who disagreed with them had various motives to do so (both apologetic and critical), relied on hearsay, mingled assumptions and inferences with facts, and for these reasons reached unreliable conclusions about SITH.

Hopefully other scholars will avoid the outcome-driven approach that Skousen used in his book and instead adopt the principles of the FAITH model of analysis--or any other legitimate academic method.

Monday, March 10, 2025

Dirkmaat, Givens, Harper and Jonathan Edwards

It's good to see the attention people are paying to Jonathan Edwards lately. In addition to public podcasts, articles, etc., I've had several private conversations on the topic.

From my perspective, the influence of Edwards on Joseph Smith is apparent, as I discussed in a preliminary way in my book Infinite Goodness. We're adding more information to the Edwards page on Mobom.org, here:

https://www.mobom.org/jonathan-edwards

I see this influence as part of the Lord's preparation of young Joseph Smith to become a translator, revelator, and prophet.

As President Nelson has taught, "Good inspiration is based upon good information."

The narrative of Joseph Smith as an ignorant farm boy who ushered in the Restoration by saying a prayer out loud contradicts Joseph's own 1832 history. The Lord prepared Joseph from a young age. He was a religious seeker who applied himself to the scriptures and had an "intimate acquaintance with those of different denominations."

https://www.josephsmithpapers.org/paper-summary/history-circa-summer-1832/2 

In my view, the influence of Edwards corroborates Joseph's claim that he translated the plates (instead of merely reading words that appeared on a stone in the hat), that he received revelations "after the manner of his language," and that he sought "out of the best books words of wisdom."

This understanding of Joseph Smith is an example to each of us who are religious seekers. We all need to study for ourselves and hear the voice of God in our own language.

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There is an unfortunate thread among some LDS scholars, however. They have taught caricatures of Jonathan Edwards, framing him as teaching a false Christianity that contradicts the Restoration.

I posted an example of this here:

https://www.ldshistoricalnarratives.com/2025/03/dirkmaat-and-jonathan-edwards.html

Hopefully in the future LDS scholars will be more careful and accurate as we explore Edwards' influence on the Restoration.


Friday, March 7, 2025

Me, Welch, Peterson, Dirkmaat, Dehlin, Griffin, etc.


From time to time people ask me how my approach differs from the well-known LDS scholars, critics, podcasters, pundits, etc.

I answer that there are two frameworks that I use that they do not seem to agree with, as discussed below. 

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1. Clarity, charity and understanding. 

In my work, I pursue these three objectives. I start with clarity because so much disagreement arises from the lack of clarity. If everyone is crystal clear about what they believe and advocate, we can all make informed decisions. Charity is important because we can all assume everyone acts in good faith. And seeking understanding instead of persuasion is a key to avoiding contention, arrogance, credentialism, and other errors.

Everyone who pursues clarity, charity and understanding welcomes comparisons of different perspectives because that's how we achieve clarity, charity and understanding. 

We can all see that leading LDS scholars and critics avoid comparisons of different perspectives. Scripture Central is notorious for refusing to engage in open dialog and comparisons of different perspectives about the origin and setting of the Book of Mormon, but the Interpreter, Mormon Stories, and other content creators also avoid making comparisons to enable people to make informed decisions.

In many cases, LDS scholars and critics don't even disclose all the relevant information, which leads to the second framework.

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2. The FAITH model.

The model is simple. 

Everyone should be able to agree on the Facts. This is axiomatic, but there is tremendous resistance from LDS scholars and critics on this point.

The reasons seems to be a misunderstanding of the difference between a fact and an assumption, inference, and theory.

It's easy to see the difference. The existence of an historical document, say a letter, is a fact. The content of the letter is a fact. Everyone can agree on these.

Whether the content of the letter is factual, however, is a separate matter. Sometimes the content can be corroborated, but even then, corroboration involves assumptions, inferences, and theories. 

This is why the FAITH model separates Facts from Assumptions, Inferences, and Theories. When we isolate these elements for inspection and analysis, we can see how different people arrive at different overall Hypotheses or worldviews, and then we can make informed decisions about which set of Assumptions, Inferences, and Theories make the most sense to us.

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One of the best examples of the FAITH model is in the New Testament.

A group of people observed Christ and heard what he taught. 

 19 ¶ There was a division therefore again among the Jews for these sayings.

 20 And many of them said, He hath a devil, and is mad; why hear ye him?

 21 Others said, These are not the words of him that hath a devil. Can a devil open the eyes of the blind?

(John 10:19–21)

Both groups had the identical facts before them. But they reached completely opposite conclusions because of their respective assumptions, inferences, and theories. 

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Over the last few years, I've had a variety of interactions with some LDS scholars and critics. Others have refused to even meet or have a conversation.

I welcome engagement and dialog with anyone, which few LDS scholars or critics do. Which is very strange to me, but seems to follow from their insecurity and defensiveness.



Tuesday, March 4, 2025

MOBOM content

When people ask me questions, I usually just send a link to a page on the Museum of the Book of Mormon site.

https://www.mobom.org/home


MOBOM exists to help people everywhere become familiar with the Book of Mormon an make informed decisions for themselves.

We have sections on the Origins, Teachings, and Evidences of the Book of Mormon. And we regularly update content based on feedback from a variety of people, including critics. 

For example, we recently updated the one on the Urim and Thummim in 1832.

https://www.mobom.org/urim-and-thummim-in-1832

We regularly add annotated chapters and sections:

https://www.mobom.org/jonathan-edwards

Look at all the topics we cover just on Church history issues:

https://www.mobom.org/church-history-issues

Topics related to the origin and setting of the Book of Mormon

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Origin of the Book of Mormon (translation)

The History of SITH: 1829-2024

Urim and Thummim in 1832

Urim and Thummim in LDS General Conference

U&T vs Seer Stone in Rough Stone Rolling

Translation references

Gospel Topics Essay on Book of Mormon Translation

Oliver returning to the Church-Reuben Miller journal

Words of Mormon analysis

Emma Smith's "Last Testimony"

Origin of SITH (stone-in-the-hat)

Truman Coe account (explains how U&T worked)


Setting of the Book of Mormon (geography)

Cumorah overview

Two sets of plates explanation

Trip to Fayette references

BYU-CES packet on Cumorah

Two departments in the hill Cumorah

Orson Pratt's 1879 footnotes in the Book of Mormon

Moroni and Nephi clarified

Zelph account

Rationality comparison chart - Cumorah

Wentworth letter vs Orson Pratt pamphlet

Letter IV in Joseph Smith Papers (written and deposited in New York)

Letter VII in Joseph Smith Papers (fact that Cumorah is in New York)

1835 letter by Joseph Smith in the Messenger and Advocate

Cumorah photos

President Ivins on the New York Cumorah

Cumorah's Cave by Cameron Packer

Brigham Young on the New York Cumorah

Narrow and small necks and other geographical terms

Ancient People Joseph Knew

Benjamin Benson letter to Joseph Smith

John Sorenson's Sourcebook Annotated

Origin and rationale of M2C (Mesoamerican/two-Cumorahs theory)

Oliver was truthful except...

Mormonism Unvailed: 1834 to 2023

Chiasmus and parallelism: a chiastic geography

Ancient Manti in Missouri

Scripture Central: Kno-Whys

Latter-day Prophets on the Promise Land

Only an Elder